Image script: trixie arm64, NetworkManager wifi, any free loop device
- Download the 2026-09-15 Raspberry Pi OS trixie arm64 lite image. - Trixie (and NetworkManager-based bookworm) ignore wpa_supplicant.conf on the boot partition: write a NetworkManager profile there instead, and set the regulatory domain on the kernel command line. The SSID is now asked for too. - Use whichever loop device is free rather than a hard-coded /dev/loop42, mount into a temporary directory, and unmount and detach on any exit. Resolve paths from the script's own location, and refuse to overwrite an already customised image. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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@@ -2,10 +2,12 @@
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set -e # exit on error
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TARGET_FOLDER="./rpi_image"
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IMG_FILE_BASENAME="2023-12-11-raspios-bookworm-armhf-lite"
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#DOWNLOAD_URL="https://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspios_lite_armhf/images/raspios_lite_armhf-2021-11-08/${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.zip"
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DOWNLOAD_URL="https://downloads.raspberrypi.com/raspios_lite_armhf/images/raspios_lite_armhf-2023-12-11/${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img.xz"
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SCRIPT_DIR=$(dirname "$(readlink -f "$0")")
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TARGET_FOLDER="$SCRIPT_DIR/rpi_image"
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#IMG_FILE_BASENAME="2023-12-11-raspios-bookworm-armhf-lite"
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#DOWNLOAD_URL="https://downloads.raspberrypi.com/raspios_lite_armhf/images/raspios_lite_armhf-2023-12-11/${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img.xz"
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IMG_FILE_BASENAME="2026-09-15-raspios-trixie-arm64-lite"
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DOWNLOAD_URL="https://downloads.raspberrypi.com/raspios_lite_arm64/images/raspios_lite_arm64-2026-09-15/${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img.xz"
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echo "This script downloads raspian lite, and modifies the image to enable SSH and set hostname"
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@@ -14,15 +16,20 @@ if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
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exit 1
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fi
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echo -n Hostname of new pi
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read -p "Hostname of new pi [newrpi]: " RPI_HOSTNAME
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read -p "WIFI SSID (only used if a password is given) [WLAN]: " WIFI_SSID
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read -p "WIFI password (leave empty for non-wifi setup) [] " WIFI_PASSWORD
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RPI_HOSTNAME=${RPI_HOSTNAME:-newrpi}
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WIFI_SSID=${WIFI_SSID:-WLAN}
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SCRIPT_DIR=`pwd`
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mkdir -p $TARGET_FOLDER
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cd $TARGET_FOLDER
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mkdir -p "$TARGET_FOLDER"
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cd "$TARGET_FOLDER"
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if [ -e "${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img" ]; then
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echo "${TARGET_FOLDER}/${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img already exists (already customised?)."
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echo "Remove it first if you want to start over."
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exit 1
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fi
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echo "Downloading image"
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wget ${DOWNLOAD_URL}
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@@ -36,36 +43,74 @@ unxz ${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img.xz
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echo "Mounting image"
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mkdir mounted_image
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mkdir mounted_image/boot
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mkdir mounted_image/system
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losetup -P /dev/loop42 ${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img
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mount /dev/loop42p1 mounted_image/boot
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mount /dev/loop42p2 mounted_image/system
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MOUNT_DIR=$(mktemp -d "$TARGET_FOLDER/mounted_image.XXXXXX")
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LOOP_DEV=""
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cleanup() {
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set +e
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umount "$MOUNT_DIR/boot" "$MOUNT_DIR/system" 2>/dev/null
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[ -n "$LOOP_DEV" ] && losetup -d "$LOOP_DEV"
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rmdir "$MOUNT_DIR/boot" "$MOUNT_DIR/system" "$MOUNT_DIR" 2>/dev/null
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}
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trap cleanup EXIT
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mkdir "$MOUNT_DIR/boot" "$MOUNT_DIR/system"
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LOOP_DEV=$(losetup -f --show -P ${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img)
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mount ${LOOP_DEV}p1 "$MOUNT_DIR/boot" # firmware partition, /boot/firmware on the Pi
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mount ${LOOP_DEV}p2 "$MOUNT_DIR/system"
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echo "Enabling SSH and writing hostname"
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echo $RPI_HOSTNAME > mounted_image/system/etc/hostname
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touch mounted_image/boot/ssh # startup ssh
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sed -i "/^#PermitRootLogin/ cPermitRootLogin prohibit-password" mounted_image/system/etc/ssh/sshd_config
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mkdir -p mounted_image/system/root/.ssh
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cat $SCRIPT_DIR/*.pub > mounted_image/system/root/.ssh/authorized_keys
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chmod 700 mounted_image/system/root/.ssh
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chmod 600 mounted_image/system/root/.ssh/authorized_keys
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echo $RPI_HOSTNAME > "$MOUNT_DIR/system/etc/hostname"
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touch "$MOUNT_DIR/boot/ssh" # startup ssh
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sed -i "/^#PermitRootLogin/ cPermitRootLogin prohibit-password" "$MOUNT_DIR/system/etc/ssh/sshd_config"
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mkdir -p "$MOUNT_DIR/system/root/.ssh"
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cat $SCRIPT_DIR/*.pub > "$MOUNT_DIR/system/root/.ssh/authorized_keys"
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chmod 700 "$MOUNT_DIR/system/root/.ssh"
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chmod 600 "$MOUNT_DIR/system/root/.ssh/authorized_keys"
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if [ -z "$WIFI_PASSWORD" ]
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then
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echo "Skipping WIFI setup"
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elif [ -d "$MOUNT_DIR/system/etc/NetworkManager" ] && [ -e "$MOUNT_DIR/boot/user-data" ]
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then
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# Trixie (and bookworm images from 2023-10 on, when they use NetworkManager) ignore
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# wpa_supplicant.conf on the boot partition; give NetworkManager a connection profile.
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echo "Setting up initial wifi config (NetworkManager)"
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NM_DIR="$MOUNT_DIR/system/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections"
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mkdir -p "$NM_DIR"
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/bin/cat <<EOM >"$NM_DIR/wifi.nmconnection"
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[connection]
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id=wifi
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type=wifi
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autoconnect=true
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[wifi]
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mode=infrastructure
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ssid=${WIFI_SSID}
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[wifi-security]
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key-mgmt=wpa-psk
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psk=${WIFI_PASSWORD}
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[ipv4]
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method=auto
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[ipv6]
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method=auto
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EOM
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chmod 600 "$NM_DIR/wifi.nmconnection" # NetworkManager ignores profiles readable by others
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# regulatory domain, so the 5GHz channels and the right power limits are usable at boot
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sed -i '1 s/$/ cfg80211.ieee80211_regdom=DE/' "$MOUNT_DIR/boot/cmdline.txt"
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else
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echo "Setting up initial wifi config"
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/bin/cat <<EOM >mounted_image/boot/wpa_supplicant.conf
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echo "Setting up initial wifi config (wpa_supplicant)"
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/bin/cat <<EOM >"$MOUNT_DIR/boot/wpa_supplicant.conf"
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country=DE
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ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
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update_config=1
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network={
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ssid="WLAN"
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ssid="${WIFI_SSID}"
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psk="${WIFI_PASSWORD}"
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}
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EOM
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@@ -75,12 +120,8 @@ fi
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echo "Unmounting image and other cleanup"
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sleep 3 # to prevent "device is busy"
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umount /dev/loop42p1
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umount /dev/loop42p2
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losetup -d /dev/loop42
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rmdir mounted_image/boot
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rmdir mounted_image/system
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rmdir mounted_image
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cleanup
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trap - EXIT
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rm ${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img.xz.sha256
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chmod a+rw ${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img .
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