Connect musicdolphin's backend to irserver for the IR remote

The remote did nothing on musicdolphin: irserver received the keys, but the backend's
config had no lirc: section, on the belief that irserver could not speak lircd's
protocol. It can - irserver serves the lircd network protocol on port 8765, with lines
the backend's parser reads as they are - so point the backend there. The remote name
must match irserver's remote file exactly: "hauppauge", not lircd's "Hauppauge".

config.yml is install-once, so the running host was changed by hand the same way.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

group_vars/mediapis.yml

@@ -5,6 +5,11 @@ mediapi_has_dhtsensor: false
 mediapi_disable_onboard_bluetooth: false
 mediapi_install_bluetooth_monitor: false
 mediapi_install_kidsmusic: false
+
+# The native Slint front-end, built on the device and installed beside the web UI.
+# Needs mediapi_install_kidsmusic, which owns the checkout it builds from. Off by
+# default: the build is ~40 minutes of the device's own CPU the first time.
+mediapi_install_slint_frontend: false
 mediapi_has_monitor: false
 
 # No media pi runs its own Logitech Media Server. Every squeezelite in the fleet is

host_vars/musicdolphin.yml

@@ -4,16 +4,29 @@ pi_shairport_name: _Oben_Wohnzimmer
 alsa_card_name: sndrpihifiberry
 sensor_room_name_ascii: wohnzimmeroben
 sensor_room_name: WohnzimmerOben
-hifiberry_overlay: hifiberry-dacplus
+# -std: the Pi drives the I2S clocks. The plain dacplus overlay makes the Pi the clock
+# consumer, which the Pi 5's I2S controller rejects (snd_soc_dai_set_fmt -22), so the
+# card never probes and every softvol_* device is dead.
+hifiberry_overlay: hifiberry-dacplus-std
 main_user: root
 
 mediapi_has_hifiberry_amp: true
 mediapi_ir_control: irserver
-mediapi_has_dhtsensor: true
+# Off for the Pi 5: the legacy Adafruit_DHT library bit-bangs the BCM283x registers,
+# which the Pi 5 no longer has (GPIO sits behind the RP1 chip), so the poller cannot
+# work there. Needs a libgpiod-based replacement before this goes back to true.
+mediapi_has_dhtsensor: false
+
+# Raspberry Pi 5 (detected from the device tree; the Pi 5 kernel is installed as needed).
+# The Pi is fed 5V through the HiFiBerry board's GPIO header, not USB-C, so it cannot
+# negotiate a 5A supply and would cap USB current at 600mA.
+hifiberry_powers_pi: true
 
 # Display-only MusicMouse instance: no physical mouse attached, shown on the monitor
 # via pi_kiosk instead. See roles/pi_musicmouse/files/config-musicdolphin.yml.
 mediapi_install_kidsmusic: true
+# The native Slint front-end is not deployed here; the browser kiosk is the front-end.
+mediapi_install_slint_frontend: false
 mediapi_has_monitor: true
 # Temporarily a debuggable desktop rather than a locked-down kiosk: Openbox root menu,
 # visible pointer, Firefox in a normal window. Set back to "kiosk" when done.

mediapis.yml

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
       when: mediapi_has_hifiberry_amp
     - role: pi_musicmouse
       when: mediapi_install_kidsmusic
+    - role: pi_slint_frontend
+      when: mediapi_install_slint_frontend
     - role: pi_kiosk
       when: mediapi_has_monitor
     - pi_squeezelite_custom

roles/pi_disable_onboard_bluetooth/handlers/main.yml

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
 ---
-- name: Reboot
+# Handler names are play-global: if several roles define the same name, only the
+# last one defined runs, under *that* role's `when:`. A shared "Reboot" therefore
+# never fired while pi_disable_onboard_bluetooth (usually switched off) defined one
+# too. Keep this name unique to the role.
+- name: Reboot after disabling onboard Bluetooth
   ansible.builtin.reboot:

roles/pi_disable_onboard_bluetooth/tasks/main.yml

@@ -4,4 +4,4 @@
     path: /boot/firmware/config.txt
     regexp: "^#?dtoverlay=disable-bt"
     line: "dtoverlay=disable-bt"
-  notify: Reboot
+  notify: Reboot after disabling onboard Bluetooth

roles/pi_hifiberry_amp/README.md

@@ -3,4 +3,7 @@
 Deactivates the Pi's onboard analog audio and activates a HiFiBerry
 amp/DAC overlay instead.
 
-**Key vars:** `hifiberry_overlay`
+**Key vars:** `hifiberry_overlay`, `hifiberry_powers_pi`
+
+`hifiberry_powers_pi` (default `false`) is for a Pi fed through the HiFiBerry board's
+GPIO header. On a Pi 5 that sets `usb_max_current_enable=1`, or USB is capped at 600mA.

roles/pi_hifiberry_amp/defaults/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+---
+hifiberry_powers_pi: false

roles/pi_hifiberry_amp/handlers/main.yml

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
 ---
-- name: Reboot
+# Handler names are play-global: if several roles define the same name, only the
+# last one defined runs, under *that* role's `when:`. A shared "Reboot" therefore
+# never fired while pi_disable_onboard_bluetooth (usually switched off) defined one
+# too. Keep this name unique to the role.
+- name: Reboot after HiFiBerry boot config change
   ansible.builtin.reboot:

roles/pi_hifiberry_amp/tasks/main.yml

@@ -1,13 +1,25 @@
 ---
 - name: Deactivate normal audio
   ansible.builtin.lineinfile:
-    path: /boot/config.txt
+    path: /boot/firmware/config.txt
     regexp: "^#?dtparam=audio=on"
     line: "#dtparam=audio=on"
-  notify: Reboot
+  notify: Reboot after HiFiBerry boot config change
 - name: Activate Hifiberry
   ansible.builtin.lineinfile:
     path: /boot/firmware/config.txt
-    regexp: "^#?dtoverlay=hifiberry-amp"
+    # Any hifiberry overlay, not just the one this used to set: otherwise changing
+    # hifiberry_overlay appends a second dtoverlay line and leaves the old one active.
+    regexp: "^#?dtoverlay=hifiberry-"
     line: "dtoverlay={{ hifiberry_overlay }}"
-  notify: Reboot
+  notify: Reboot after HiFiBerry boot config change
+- name: Lift the Pi 5's USB current cap when the HiFiBerry board powers it
+  # A Pi 5 fed over the GPIO header has no USB-C power negotiation, so it assumes a
+  # weak supply and limits USB ports to 600mA. Unknown to a Pi 4, which ignores it.
+  ansible.builtin.lineinfile:
+    path: /boot/firmware/config.txt
+    regexp: "^#?usb_max_current_enable="
+    line: "usb_max_current_enable=1"
+    insertafter: EOF
+  when: hifiberry_powers_pi
+  notify: Reboot after HiFiBerry boot config change

roles/pi_irserver/README.md

@@ -3,3 +3,9 @@
 Installs and configures `irserver` (with a Hauppauge remote config) as an
 autostarted systemd service for IR remote control, and registers it with
 `pi_sysdweb`.
+
+The shipped `files/irserver` is a 32-bit ARM binary needing `libzip.so.4`, so it is used
+only on an armhf userland with Debian 12 or older. On a 64-bit userland or trixie it is
+compiled on the device from `files/irserver-src.tar.gz` instead (the 2019 sources need
+GCC's newer hard errors downgraded; see `tasks/build.yml`). Automatic; override with
+`pi_irserver_build_from_source: true|false`.

roles/pi_irserver/defaults/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+# The shipped files/irserver is a 32-bit ARM binary linked against libzip.so.4 (Debian
+# bookworm's libzip4 on armhf). It cannot run on a 64-bit userland, and trixie no longer
+# ships libzip.so.4 at all. "auto" uses it only on armhf + Debian <= 12 and compiles
+# files/irserver-src.tar.gz on the device everywhere else; set true/false to force.
+pi_irserver_build_from_source: auto

roles/pi_irserver/files/irserver.service

@@ -1,10 +1,17 @@
 [Unit]
 Description=IR server for IR remotes
 After=network.target
+# Keep retrying rather than giving up: the IRTrans receiver is a USB serial device, and
+# when it is missing at boot (unplugged, or enumerated late) irserver exits at once with
+# "Error opening COM/USB Port". Without a restart it then stays failed until someone
+# notices the remote does nothing.
+StartLimitIntervalSec=0
 
 [Service]
 Type=simple
 ExecStart=/usr/bin/irserver /dev/ttyUSB0
+Restart=on-failure
+RestartSec=10
 
 [Install]
 WantedBy=multi-user.target

roles/pi_irserver/tasks/build.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+---
+- name: Install irserver build dependencies
+  ansible.builtin.apt:
+    name:
+      - build-essential
+      - libzip-dev
+    cache_valid_time: 7200
+
+- name: Create irserver source directory
+  ansible.builtin.file:
+    path: /opt/irserver-src
+    state: directory
+    mode: "0755"
+
+- name: Unpack irserver source
+  ansible.builtin.unarchive:
+    src: irserver-src.tar.gz
+    dest: /opt/irserver-src
+    creates: /opt/irserver-src/makefile
+
+- name: Build irserver
+  # The 2019 sources predate modern C: GCC 14 rejects implicit function declarations,
+  # implicit int and a few pointer/int mix-ups as hard errors. They are old but working
+  # code, so the errors are downgraded rather than the source patched. libzip comes from
+  # libzip-dev (`irserver_arm_noccf` links -lzip); the bundled 32-bit static libzip*.a
+  # are not used. `arm/` is where the makefile puts its objects.
+  ansible.builtin.shell:
+    cmd: |
+      set -e
+      mkdir -p arm
+      make irserver_arm_noccf LDFLAGS="-lzip" \
+        CFLAGS="-w -Wno-error=implicit-function-declaration -Wno-error=int-conversion \
+                -Wno-error=incompatible-pointer-types -Wno-error=return-mismatch \
+                -Wno-error=implicit-int"
+    chdir: /opt/irserver-src
+    creates: /opt/irserver-src/irserver
+
+- name: Install built irserver
+  ansible.builtin.copy:
+    src: /opt/irserver-src/irserver
+    dest: /usr/bin/irserver
+    mode: u+rx
+    remote_src: true
+  notify: Restart irserver

roles/pi_irserver/tasks/main.yml

@@ -1,10 +1,27 @@
 ---
-- name: Copy irserver
+- name: Get the userland architecture
+  # See pi_squeezelite_custom: the kernel's architecture is not the userland's.
+  ansible.builtin.command: dpkg --print-architecture
+  register: pi_irserver_dpkg_arch
+  changed_when: false
+  check_mode: false # read-only
+- name: Decide between the prebuilt binary and a build on the device
+  ansible.builtin.set_fact:
+    pi_irserver_build: >-
+      {{ (pi_irserver_build_from_source | string | lower == 'true')
+         or (pi_irserver_build_from_source | string | lower == 'auto'
+             and (pi_irserver_dpkg_arch.stdout | trim != 'armhf'
+                  or ansible_facts.distribution_major_version | int >= 13)) }}
+- name: Copy prebuilt irserver (32-bit ARM binary)
   ansible.builtin.copy:
     src: irserver
     dest: /usr/bin/irserver
     mode: u+rx
   notify: Restart irserver
+  when: not pi_irserver_build
+- name: Build irserver from source (needed on a 64-bit userland, see README)
+  ansible.builtin.include_tasks: build.yml
+  when: pi_irserver_build
 - name: Make config dir for remotes
   ansible.builtin.file:
     path: /usr/bin/remotes

roles/pi_kiosk/tasks/main.yml

@@ -10,7 +10,37 @@
       # size in the corner of the screen. Openbox answers it, and nothing else.
       - openbox
       - unclutter
+      # The MusicMouse front-end's icons are emoji characters in the markup, not an icon
+      # font. Lite images ship no emoji font at all, so without this every icon renders
+      # as an empty box.
+      - fonts-noto-color-emoji
     cache_valid_time: 7200
+  notify: Reload systemd and restart getty
+
+- name: Ensure the Xorg config directory exists
+  ansible.builtin.file:
+    path: /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d
+    state: directory
+    mode: "0755"
+
+- name: Point X at the display controller
+  # The Pi 4 and 5 have two DRM devices: v3d (the 3D GPU, no outputs) and vc4 (the
+  # HDMI display controller). Left to itself Xorg cannot tell which to drive and dies
+  # with "Cannot run in framebuffer mode. Please specify busIDs for all framebuffer
+  # devices", so the kiosk loops on a blank screen. Display goes through vc4; rendering
+  # still lands on v3d, because glamor's GL context is routed there by Mesa (kmsro).
+  # Raspberry Pi's desktop image ships this same file; the Lite image does not.
+  ansible.builtin.copy:
+    dest: /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/99-vc4.conf
+    content: |
+      Section "OutputClass"
+        Identifier "vc4"
+        MatchDriver "vc4"
+        Driver "modesetting"
+        Option "PrimaryGPU" "true"
+      EndSection
+    mode: "0644"
+  notify: Reload systemd and restart getty
 
 - name: Browser
   # Chromium comes from archive.raspberrypi.com, not Debian: that build carries the

roles/pi_modern_shell_env/tasks/main.yml

@@ -17,14 +17,24 @@
     dest: /usr/local/bin/bat
     state: link
 
+- name: Check whether oh-my-posh is already installed
+  ansible.builtin.stat:
+    path: /usr/local/bin/oh-my-posh
+  register: pi_modern_shell_env_ohmyposh
+
 - name: Download oh-my-posh binary
+  # Only when missing. With the file present get_url still sends a conditional request
+  # every run, so a CDN that is slow or unreachable from the device (TLS handshake
+  # timeouts happen) failed the whole play for a prompt that was already installed.
+  # Delete the binary to pick up a newer release.
+  when: not pi_modern_shell_env_ohmyposh.stat.exists
   ansible.builtin.get_url:
     # The official install script's own curl-based downloads are blocked by
     # oh-my-posh's CDN on some devices (observed on Raspberry Pi OS's curl
     # build: TLS handshake fails with SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL), while Ansible's
     # get_url (Python urllib) succeeds against the same CDN. Download the
     # binary directly instead of shelling out to the install script.
-    url: "https://cdn.ohmyposh.dev/releases/latest/posh-linux-{{ pi_modern_shell_env_ohmyposh_arch_map[ansible_architecture] }}"
+    url: "https://cdn.ohmyposh.dev/releases/latest/posh-linux-{{ pi_modern_shell_env_ohmyposh_arch_map[ansible_facts['architecture']] }}"
     dest: /usr/local/bin/oh-my-posh
     mode: "0755"
 

roles/pi_musicmouse/files/config-musicdolphin.yml

@@ -68,10 +68,15 @@ general:
   # buttons, touch areas and tag scanner, none of which exist on a simulate-only
   # instance - it would publish a device of dead entities.
   #
-  # No lirc: section either, and consequently no top-level `remote:` mapping. This host
+  # IR remote. This host uses mediapi_ir_control: irserver (the IRTrans receiver on
-  # uses mediapi_ir_control: irserver, a custom serial daemon on /dev/ttyUSB0; the
+  # /dev/ttyUSB0) rather than lircd, but irserver also serves lircd's network protocol
-  # backend's LircConfig speaks lircd's TCP protocol (pi_lirc, port 2222) and cannot
+  # on its own port 8765 - which is all the backend's LircConfig needs. The remote name
-  # talk to it.
+  # is irserver's remote file, /usr/bin/remotes/hauppauge.rem, in lowercase. Number keys
+  # play whatever the top-level `remote:` mapping assigns them (none yet).
+  lirc:
+    host: "127.0.0.1"
+    port: 8765
+    remote_name: "hauppauge"
 
   # Backlight of the prev/next buttons while a figure is playing, 0..1. Inert here
   # (no mouse), kept so the file reads the same as the other hosts'.

roles/pi_musicmouse/tasks/main.yml

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
       - git
       - libvlc5 # runtime lib python-vlc binds against
       - vlc-plugin-base
+      - ffmpeg # podcast feeds that publish video episodes get their audio extracted with it
+      - chromium
       - alsa-utils
       - samba
       - python3
@@ -237,6 +239,15 @@
     name: smbd
     state: started
     enabled: true
+
+- name: Build, sync and restart now rather than at the end of the play
+  # Handlers only run once the whole play is through, and a failure in any later role
+  # (squeezelite, shairport, ...) throws the queue away. The .built-commit guard above
+  # re-queues the build on the next run, but a play that keeps failing elsewhere then
+  # never delivers a front-end at all: the backend serves the API only and the kiosk
+  # shows nothing. Flushing here ties the front-end to this role succeeding, not to
+  # every role after it.
+  ansible.builtin.meta: flush_handlers
 # manual steps:
 #    - set samba passwords with smbpasswd
 #    - copy music into /media/musicmouse: scripts/sync-library.sh in the app repo, which

roles/pi_shairport/defaults/main.yml

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 ---
-pi_shairport_sync_version: "3.3.5"
+pi_shairport_sync_version: "4.3.7"
 pi_shairport_name: Unnamed Raspberry with shairport

roles/pi_shairport/files/build-shairport-sync.sh

@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 #!/bin/bash
+set -e
 
-ARG1=$1
+VERSION=${1:?usage: build-shairport-sync.sh <git tag>}
-VERSION=${ARG1:="3.3.6"}
 
 # Make a new temporary directory and go there
 tmp_dir=$(mktemp -d)
-cd $tmp_dir
+cd "$tmp_dir"
 
-# Clone, build and install
+# Clone the requested tag, build and install
-git clone https://github.com/mikebrady/shairport-sync.git
+git clone --depth 1 --branch "$VERSION" https://github.com/mikebrady/shairport-sync.git
-git reset --hard origin/$VERSION
 cd shairport-sync
 autoreconf -fi
 ./configure --sysconfdir=/etc --with-alsa --with-soxr --with-avahi --with-ssl=openssl --with-systemd
@@ -18,4 +17,4 @@ make install
 
 # Clean up
 cd ~
-rm -rf $tmp_dir
+rm -rf "$tmp_dir"

roles/pi_shairport/tasks/main.yml

@@ -3,24 +3,20 @@
   ansible.builtin.apt:
     cache_valid_time: 7200
     state: present
-    name:
+    # systemd-dev: --with-systemd takes the unit directory from systemd.pc, which trixie
-      - build-essential
+    # moved out of the systemd package. Without it `make install` fails right after
-      - git
+    # installing the binary, with an empty `install -d`.
-      - xmltoman
+    name: >-
-      - autoconf
+      {{ ['build-essential', 'git', 'xmltoman', 'autoconf', 'automake', 'libtool',
-      - automake
+          'libpopt-dev', 'libconfig-dev', 'libasound2-dev', 'avahi-daemon',
-      - libtool
+          'libavahi-client-dev', 'libssl-dev', 'libsoxr-dev']
-      - libpopt-dev
+         + (['systemd-dev'] if ansible_facts.distribution_major_version | int >= 13 else []) }}
-      - libconfig-dev
-      - libasound2-dev
-      - avahi-daemon
-      - libavahi-client-dev
-      - libssl-dev
-      - libsoxr-dev
 - name: Build and Install Shairport sync (may take a while)
-  ansible.builtin.script: "build-shairport-sync.sh ${shairport_sync_version}"
+  ansible.builtin.script: "build-shairport-sync.sh {{ pi_shairport_sync_version }}"
   args:
-    creates: /usr/local/bin/shairport-sync
+    # The unit file rather than the binary: make install puts the binary in place
+    # first, so a build that failed halfway would otherwise never be retried.
+    creates: /lib/systemd/system/shairport-sync.service
   notify: Restart shairport-sync
 - name: Copy config
   ansible.builtin.template:

roles/pi_slint_frontend/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# pi_slint_frontend
+
+Builds and installs `slint-frontend/` from the app repo - the native front-end that
+exists because the React UI is sluggish on the kiosk. Installed *alongside* the web UI,
+never instead of it, and the systemd unit is installed but not enabled: the device still
+boots into the kiosk browser.
+
+```sh
+systemctl start musikdelfin     # takes over the screen
+systemctl stop  musikdelfin     # back to the browser underneath
+```
+
+or over SSH, `DISPLAY=:0 /usr/local/bin/musikdelfin`.
+
+## Why this builds on the device
+
+`pi_musicmouse` builds the web front-end on the control machine and rsyncs `dist/`,
+because npm output is portable and npm is not installed on the Pis. A Rust binary is
+not portable, so this role has a harder choice.
+
+The Pis run **32-bit armhf Raspbian on a 64-bit kernel** - `uname -m` says `aarch64`
+and `dpkg --print-architecture` says `armhf`, and the second one is the one that
+matters. The target is `armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf`. Cross-compiling to it from the
+control machine needs a sysroot, and the devices carry no `-dev` packages to build one
+out of, so it would have to be reconstructed from the Debian archive - and then kept in
+step with the devices' glibc forever. Spending the device's own CPU once is the smaller
+liability. A rebuild only happens when the commit changes.
+
+The same fact rules out the Skia renderer: rust-skia publishes no prebuilt binaries for
+armhf, so `--features kiosk` would mean compiling Skia from source on a Pi. This role
+builds `--features desktop` - winit, FemtoVG and the software renderer - and runs as an
+X client in the existing session rather than taking over KMS.
+
+`SLINT_BACKEND=winit-software musikdelfin` switches renderer without a rebuild, which
+is the thing to try first if the GPU path misbehaves. The FemtoVG bug that makes
+`kiosk` use Skia upstream (slint-ui/slint#11785) was reported on a Pi 5 with a 64-bit
+userland, so it may well not apply here - but it is worth checking that album covers
+actually appear before drawing conclusions about frame rate.
+
+## First run
+
+Roughly 40 minutes: 570 crates on two cores. Later runs are incremental and usually
+seconds. The build is `nice`d and limited to two jobs, which bounds peak memory on
+musicdolphin's 1.8 GB.

roles/pi_slint_frontend/defaults/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+---
+# The native Slint front-end (slint-frontend/ in the app repo). Installed alongside the
+# web UI, not instead of it: both talk to the same backend, so the two can be compared
+# on the same screen.
+
+# Built on the device rather than on the control machine, which is the opposite of what
+# pi_musicmouse does for the web front-end - and for a reason. The Pis run 32-bit armhf
+# Raspbian on a 64-bit kernel, so the target is armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf. Cross
+# compiling to it needs a sysroot, and the device has no -dev packages to build one
+# from, so the choice is between reconstructing one from the Debian archive (and
+# owning a glibc-version skew risk forever) or spending the device's own CPU once.
+# A rebuild only happens when the commit changes - see the stamp below.
+pi_slint_frontend_toolchain: stable
+
+# Bounds peak memory during the build. musicdolphin has 4 cores but only 1.8 GB.
+pi_slint_frontend_jobs: 2
+
+# winit + FemtoVG + the software renderer. Deliberately not Skia: rust-skia ships no
+# prebuilt binaries for armhf, so `kiosk` would mean compiling Skia from source on a
+# Pi, which will not finish in any reasonable time and would not fit on the disk.
+pi_slint_frontend_features: desktop
+
+# Which backend the app is served by. Same machine as the kiosk browser uses.
+pi_slint_frontend_server: "http://localhost:8080"
+
+# Where the checkout lives. Shared with pi_musicmouse, which owns the checkout itself.
+pi_slint_frontend_root: /opt/musicmouse/slint-frontend
+
+# The user the kiosk's X session belongs to - the app has to run as them to reach the
+# display. pi_kiosk owns this name; repeated here as a default so the role still works
+# on a host where pi_kiosk has not run.
+pi_slint_frontend_x_user: "{{ pi_kiosk_user | default('kiosk') }}"
+
+# The device is a kiosk, so the window takes the whole screen. Set false to get a
+# normal window - useful while pi_kiosk_mode is "debug" and you want the browser and
+# this side by side on the same display.
+pi_slint_frontend_fullscreen: true
+
+# Slint's own frame-timing readout, for measuring rather than guessing. Empty to leave
+# it off; "overlay,refresh_lazy" draws the numbers on screen and only counts frames
+# that were actually rendered, which is the honest measure for a UI that idles.
+pi_slint_frontend_debug_performance: ""

roles/pi_slint_frontend/handlers/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+- name: Reload systemd
+  ansible.builtin.systemd:
+    daemon_reload: true

roles/pi_slint_frontend/tasks/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+---
+- name: Packages needed to build the front-end
+  ansible.builtin.apt:
+    name:
+      - build-essential
+      - pkg-config
+      # The only C libraries the binary links: everything else - X11, Wayland, EGL,
+      # GL - is dlopen'd at runtime by winit and glutin, so it is not needed to build.
+      - libfontconfig1-dev
+      - libfreetype-dev
+      - curl
+      # Runtime, not build: winit and glutin dlopen all of these, so they never show
+      # up in `ldd` and the binary links happily without them - it then aborts on
+      # first run with "Library libxkbcommon-x11.so could not be loaded".
+      - libxkbcommon0
+      - libxkbcommon-x11-0
+      - libx11-xcb1
+      - libxcb-xkb1
+      - libxcursor1
+      - libxi6
+      - libxrandr2
+      - libgl1
+      - libegl1
+      - libgles2
+      # The design uses emoji as iconography - the shelf badges, the figurine marker,
+      # the scene sparkle. Raspbian ships no font that has them, so without these they
+      # render as empty boxes. Symbola is the monochrome fallback for the glyphs Noto
+      # does not cover.
+      - fonts-noto-color-emoji
+      - fonts-symbola
+    cache_valid_time: 7200
+
+- name: Check for a rust toolchain
+  ansible.builtin.stat:
+    path: /root/.cargo/bin/cargo
+  register: pi_slint_frontend_cargo
+
+- name: Fetch the rustup installer
+  ansible.builtin.get_url:
+    url: https://sh.rustup.rs
+    dest: /tmp/rustup-init.sh
+    mode: "0755"
+  when: not pi_slint_frontend_cargo.stat.exists
+
+- name: Install the rust toolchain
+  # Debian 12 ships rustc 1.63, which is far too old for Slint, so this comes from
+  # rustup rather than apt.
+  ansible.builtin.command:
+    cmd: "/tmp/rustup-init.sh -y --profile minimal --default-toolchain {{ pi_slint_frontend_toolchain }}"
+    creates: /root/.cargo/bin/cargo
+  when: not pi_slint_frontend_cargo.stat.exists
+
+- name: Check the checkout has a slint-frontend
+  ansible.builtin.stat:
+    path: "{{ pi_slint_frontend_root }}/Cargo.toml"
+  register: pi_slint_frontend_manifest
+  when: not ansible_check_mode
+
+- name: Fail on a checkout without the front-end
+  ansible.builtin.fail:
+    msg: >-
+      {{ musicmouse_version }} has no slint-frontend/, so it predates the native
+      front-end. Point musicmouse_version at a branch that has it, or set
+      mediapi_install_slint_frontend to false for this host.
+  when: not ansible_check_mode and not pi_slint_frontend_manifest.stat.exists
+
+- name: Fail when the checkout's commit is unknown
+  # This role builds what pi_musicmouse checked out, and reuses its record of which
+  # commit that was. With mediapi_install_kidsmusic false that role never ran, so
+  # there is no checkout to build and no commit to stamp - and the stamp comparison
+  # below would compare against an empty string and rebuild on every run.
+  ansible.builtin.fail:
+    msg: >-
+      pi_slint_frontend needs pi_musicmouse to have run first - it builds the
+      slint-frontend/ inside the checkout that role owns. Set
+      mediapi_install_kidsmusic to true for this host, or
+      mediapi_install_slint_frontend to false.
+  when: not ansible_check_mode and pi_musicmouse_commit | length == 0
+
+- name: Read which commit the binary was built from
+  # The same guard pi_musicmouse uses for the venv and the web dist, for the same
+  # reason: hanging a 40-minute build off "the checkout changed" strands the device
+  # when a run fails after the checkout, because the next run finds it current and
+  # rebuilds nothing.
+  ansible.builtin.command:
+    cmd: "cat {{ pi_slint_frontend_root }}/.built-commit"
+  register: pi_slint_frontend_stamp
+  changed_when: false
+  failed_when: false
+
+- name: Build the front-end
+  # First build takes roughly 40 minutes on a Pi 4 - 570 crates, two jobs. Later ones
+  # are incremental. `async` keeps the SSH connection from idling out underneath it.
+  ansible.builtin.command:
+    cmd: >-
+      nice -n 10 /root/.cargo/bin/cargo build --release
+      --no-default-features --features {{ pi_slint_frontend_features }}
+      -j {{ pi_slint_frontend_jobs }}
+    chdir: "{{ pi_slint_frontend_root }}"
+  environment:
+    # The committed release profile is tuned for a workstation. Thin LTO with
+    # codegen-units=1 is a memory risk on 1.8 GB and buys nothing that matters here.
+    CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_LTO: "false"
+    CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_CODEGEN_UNITS: "16"
+    PATH: "/root/.cargo/bin:{{ ansible_facts['env']['PATH'] }}"
+  async: 7200
+  poll: 30
+  changed_when: true
+  when: >-
+    not ansible_check_mode
+    and pi_slint_frontend_stamp.stdout | trim != pi_musicmouse_commit
+
+- name: Record which commit the binary was built from
+  ansible.builtin.copy:
+    content: "{{ pi_musicmouse_commit }}\n"
+    dest: "{{ pi_slint_frontend_root }}/.built-commit"
+    mode: "0644"
+  when: not ansible_check_mode
+
+- name: Find the X session user's home directory
+  ansible.builtin.getent:
+    database: passwd
+    key: "{{ pi_slint_frontend_x_user }}"
+
+- name: Note where the X cookie lives
+  ansible.builtin.set_fact:
+    pi_slint_frontend_x_home: "{{ ansible_facts.getent_passwd[pi_slint_frontend_x_user][4] }}"
+
+- name: Install the launcher
+  ansible.builtin.template:
+    src: musikdelfin.sh.j2
+    dest: /usr/local/bin/musikdelfin
+    mode: "0755"
+
+- name: Install the systemd unit
+  # Installed but deliberately not enabled: this is the thing under test, and the
+  # kiosk browser is still what the device shows on boot. Start it by hand -
+  # `systemctl start musikdelfin` - or run /usr/local/bin/musikdelfin over SSH.
+  ansible.builtin.template:
+    src: musikdelfin.service.j2
+    dest: /etc/systemd/system/musikdelfin.service
+    mode: "0644"
+  notify: Reload systemd

roles/pi_slint_frontend/templates/musikdelfin.service.j2

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# {{ ansible_managed }}
+#
+# Installed, not enabled. The kiosk browser is still what this device shows on boot;
+# this unit is here so the native front-end can be started and stopped the same way
+# while it is being evaluated:
+#
+#   systemctl start musikdelfin      # takes over the screen
+#   systemctl stop musikdelfin       # back to the browser underneath
+[Unit]
+Description=Musik Delfin (native Slint front-end)
+After=musicmouse.service graphical.target
+Wants=musicmouse.service
+
+[Service]
+Type=simple
+# Runs as the X session's own user, not root: the display belongs to them, and the
+# cover cache should land in their home rather than root's.
+User={{ pi_slint_frontend_x_user }}
+ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/musikdelfin
+Restart=no
+StandardOutput=journal
+StandardError=journal
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=graphical.target

roles/pi_slint_frontend/templates/musikdelfin.sh.j2

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# {{ ansible_managed }}
+#
+# Run the native front-end on the kiosk's X display. The web UI stays where it is;
+# both talk to the same backend, so they can be compared on the same screen.
+#
+#   musikdelfin                                   the display, as the kiosk uses it
+#   SLINT_BACKEND=winit-software musikdelfin      no GPU, for comparison
+#   SLINT_FULLSCREEN=0 musikdelfin                a normal window, beside the browser
+#   SLINT_DEBUG_PERFORMANCE=overlay,refresh_lazy musikdelfin    frame timings on screen
+set -eu
+
+# The kiosk's X session belongs to {{ pi_slint_frontend_x_user }}, and its cookie is
+# the only way onto that display - without it the connection is refused before winit
+# gets far enough to report anything more useful than "could not initialize backend".
+export DISPLAY="${DISPLAY:-:0}"
+export XAUTHORITY="${XAUTHORITY:-{{ pi_slint_frontend_x_home }}/.Xauthority}"
+
+# Nunito is the face the design is drawn in; without it Slint falls back to whatever
+# fontconfig hands back, which changes how this looks but not whether it runs.
+for candidate in \
+    /usr/share/fonts/truetype/nunito/Nunito[wght].ttf \
+    /usr/share/fonts/truetype/nunito/Nunito-Regular.ttf \
+    {{ pi_slint_frontend_root }}/fonts/Nunito.ttf
+do
+    if [ -f "$candidate" ]; then
+        export SLINT_DEFAULT_FONT="$candidate"
+        break
+    fi
+done
+
+{% if pi_slint_frontend_fullscreen %}
+export SLINT_FULLSCREEN="${SLINT_FULLSCREEN:-1}"
+{% endif %}
+{% if pi_slint_frontend_debug_performance %}
+export SLINT_DEBUG_PERFORMANCE="${SLINT_DEBUG_PERFORMANCE:-{{ pi_slint_frontend_debug_performance }}}"
+{% endif %}
+
+exec {{ pi_slint_frontend_root }}/target/release/musicmouse-slint \
+    --server {{ pi_slint_frontend_server }} "$@"

roles/pi_squeezelite_custom/README.md

@@ -3,3 +3,9 @@
 Like `pi_squeezelite`, but uninstalls the distro package and deploys a
 custom-compiled `squeezelite` build instead as a systemd service. See
 `custom build/readme_build.md` for how that build is produced.
+
+The shipped 32-bit binary only runs on an armhf userland with Debian 12 (bookworm) or
+older. On a 64-bit userland or Debian 13 (trixie) the role builds the same upstream commit
+on the device and installs it to `/opt/squeezelite` instead. That is picked
+automatically from `dpkg --print-architecture` and the distribution version; override with
+`pi_squeezelite_custom_build_from_source: true|false`.

roles/pi_squeezelite_custom/defaults/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+---
+# The shipped files/squeezelite is a 32-bit ARM binary linked against libFLAC.so.12, which
+# is what Debian bookworm on armhf provides. It cannot run on a 64-bit userland or on
+# trixie (libflac14), so by default ("auto") the role uses it only on armhf + Debian <= 12
+# and compiles pi_squeezelite_custom_version on the device everywhere else. Set true/false
+# to force one or the other.
+pi_squeezelite_custom_build_from_source: auto
+
+pi_squeezelite_custom_repo: https://github.com/ralph-irving/squeezelite.git
+# Upstream master when this was written (squeezelite 2.0, revision 1595). The commit the
+# prebuilt binary came from (c89faf3 in the old build notes) does not exist upstream.
+pi_squeezelite_custom_version: c7c4248ddd70e47dbfeba0bf4a8a7ec08d8a995c
+
+# Runtime libraries the prebuilt binary links (bookworm package names).
+pi_squeezelite_custom_runtime_packages:
+  - libmad0
+  - libmpg123-0
+  - libflac12
+  - libvorbisfile3
+  - libfaad2
+
+# Headers (and, through them, the runtime libraries) for building. Installing the -dev
+# packages is what makes this independent of soname bumps between Debian releases.
+pi_squeezelite_custom_build_packages:
+  - build-essential
+  - git
+  - libasound2-dev
+  - libssl-dev
+  - libsoxr-dev
+  - libflac-dev
+  - libvorbis-dev
+  - libmad0-dev
+  - libfaad-dev
+  - libmpg123-dev

roles/pi_squeezelite_custom/tasks/build.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+- name: Check out squeezelite
+  ansible.builtin.git:
+    repo: "{{ pi_squeezelite_custom_repo }}"
+    dest: /opt/squeezelite-src
+    version: "{{ pi_squeezelite_custom_version }}"
+    force: true
+  register: pi_squeezelite_custom_checkout
+
+- name: Check whether a built binary already exists
+  ansible.builtin.stat:
+    path: /opt/squeezelite
+  register: pi_squeezelite_custom_binary
+
+- name: Write the makefile (upstream Makefile plus this build's options)
+  # Same options as the ARM build in "custom build/readme_build.md", minus the ARMv6
+  # -march/-mfpu/-mfloat-abi flags that make no sense for aarch64. No RPI (GPIO switching)
+  # option. -lasound is added explicitly, as before.
+  ansible.builtin.copy:
+    dest: /opt/squeezelite-src/mymakefile
+    mode: "0644"
+    content: |
+      OPTS = -DLINUX -DRESAMPLE -DDSD -DUSE_SSL -DLINKALL -I./include -I./include/opus -I./include/alac -I/usr/local/include
+      LDFLAGS = -L./lib -L/usr/local/lib -s -lasound
+
+      include Makefile
+
+- name: Build squeezelite
+  ansible.builtin.shell:
+    cmd: make -f mymakefile clean && make -f mymakefile
+    chdir: /opt/squeezelite-src
+  when: pi_squeezelite_custom_checkout.changed or not pi_squeezelite_custom_binary.stat.exists
+  changed_when: true
+
+- name: Install built squeezelite
+  ansible.builtin.copy:
+    src: /opt/squeezelite-src/squeezelite
+    dest: /opt/squeezelite
+    mode: "700"
+    remote_src: true
+  notify: Restart squeezelite

roles/pi_squeezelite_custom/tasks/main.yml

@@ -3,15 +3,23 @@
   ansible.builtin.apt:
     name: squeezelite
     state: absent
+- name: Get the userland architecture
+  # `ansible_architecture` is the *kernel's*: a Pi on a 64-bit kernel with an armhf
+  # userland says aarch64. What decides whether a 32-bit binary runs is dpkg's.
+  ansible.builtin.command: dpkg --print-architecture
+  register: pi_squeezelite_custom_dpkg_arch
+  changed_when: false
+  check_mode: false # read-only
+- name: Decide between the prebuilt binary and a build on the device
+  ansible.builtin.set_fact:
+    pi_squeezelite_custom_build: >-
+      {{ (pi_squeezelite_custom_build_from_source | string | lower == 'true')
+         or (pi_squeezelite_custom_build_from_source | string | lower == 'auto'
+             and (pi_squeezelite_custom_dpkg_arch.stdout | trim != 'armhf'
+                  or ansible_facts.distribution_major_version | int >= 13)) }}
 - name: Install dependencies
   ansible.builtin.apt:
-    name:
+    name: "{{ pi_squeezelite_custom_build_packages if pi_squeezelite_custom_build else pi_squeezelite_custom_runtime_packages }}"
-      - libmad0
-      - libmpg123-0
-      - libflac12
-      - libvorbisfile3
-      - libfaad2
-      # for building libssl-dev, libasound2-dev, libflac-dev, libvorbis-dev, libsoxr-dev, libfaad-dev, libmad0-dev, libmpg123-dev
     state: present
     cache_valid_time: 7200
 - name: Remove old config file if present
@@ -24,6 +32,10 @@
     dest: /opt/squeezelite
     mode: "700"
   notify: Restart squeezelite
+  when: not pi_squeezelite_custom_build
+- name: Build squeezelite from source (needed on a 64-bit userland, see README)
+  ansible.builtin.include_tasks: build.yml
+  when: pi_squeezelite_custom_build
 - name: Install systemd service file
   ansible.builtin.template:
     src: squeezelite.service

roles/pi_squeezeserver/tasks/absent.yml

@@ -36,7 +36,17 @@
     state: absent
   notify: Restart sysdweb after dropping the LMS entry
 
+- name: Check whether iptables is installed
+  # Trixie images ship nftables only. A host without iptables cannot have the redirect
+  # below (present.yml installs iptables-persistent), so there is nothing to undo.
+  ansible.builtin.command: which iptables
+  register: pi_squeezeserver_iptables
+  changed_when: false
+  failed_when: false
+  check_mode: false # read-only
+
 - name: Undo the port 80 -> 9000 redirect the install added
+  when: pi_squeezeserver_iptables.rc == 0
   ansible.builtin.iptables:
     table: nat
     chain: PREROUTING

roles/pi_standard_setup/defaults/main.yml

@@ -9,3 +9,9 @@ pi_standard_setup_wifi_pass_url: "bauer_wifi" # has to be in keepass with url "w
 ansible_ssh_pass: "raspberry"
 ansible_become_password: "raspberry"
 ansible_become: true
+
+# Install the Pi 5 (BCM2712) kernel, kernel_2712.img (an arm64 package, hence the :arm64 on
+# an armhf userland). A card imaged on a Pi 4 does not have it, and a Pi 5 will not boot
+# without. "auto" installs it when the detected model is a Pi 5 (a no-op on current
+# images, which ship it); set true/false to force.
+pi_standard_setup_install_pi5_kernel: auto

roles/pi_standard_setup/handlers/main.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,11 @@
   ansible.builtin.service:
     name: sshd
     state: restarted
-- name: Reboot
+# Handler names are play-global: if several roles define the same name, only the
+# last one defined runs, under *that* role's `when:`. A shared "Reboot" therefore
+# never fired while pi_disable_onboard_bluetooth (usually switched off) defined one
+# too. Keep this name unique to the role.
+- name: Reboot after standard setup
   ansible.builtin.reboot:
 - name: Restart raspi-leds-off
   ansible.builtin.service:

roles/pi_standard_setup/tasks/main.yml

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
   when: pi_standard_setup_new_hostname | length > 0 and pi_standard_setup_pi_hostname.stdout != pi_standard_setup_new_hostname
   register: pi_standard_setup_set_hostname
   changed_when: true
-  notify: Reboot
+  notify: Reboot after standard setup
 - name: Get hostname
   ansible.builtin.command: "raspi-config nonint get_hostname"
   register: pi_standard_setup_pi_hostname
@@ -115,6 +115,19 @@
       - telnet
     cache_valid_time: 7200
     state: present
+- name: Install the Pi 5 kernel
+  # Only where it can matter: a Pi 5 running an image that was built for an older Pi
+  # (a card moved over from a Pi 4). A current arm64 image already ships it, and then
+  # this is a no-op; an armhf userland needs the arm64 kernel package cross-installed.
+  ansible.builtin.apt:
+    name: "linux-image-rpi-2712:arm64"
+    cache_valid_time: 7200
+    state: present
+  when: >-
+    (pi_standard_setup_install_pi5_kernel | string | lower == 'true')
+    or (pi_standard_setup_install_pi5_kernel | string | lower == 'auto'
+        and 'Raspberry Pi 5' in (pi_standard_setup_raspberry_model.content | b64decode))
+  notify: Reboot after standard setup
 - name: Copy vim config
   ansible.builtin.copy:
     src: vimrc

roles/pi_sysdweb/tasks/main.yml

@@ -4,6 +4,18 @@
     name: python3-pip
     cache_valid_time: 7200
     state: present
+- name: Apt install sysdweb's dbus and systemd dependencies
+  # sysdweb needs dbus-python ~= 1.4, which PyPI only ships as source (meson build needing
+  # pkg-config and the dbus/glib headers), and systemd-python, which needs libsystemd-dev.
+  # Trixie packages both (python3-dbus is exactly 1.4, python3-systemd 235), and pip counts
+  # the apt versions as satisfied. Bookworm has dbus 1.3, so there pip has to build 1.4.
+  ansible.builtin.apt:
+    name: >-
+      {{ ['python3-dbus', 'python3-systemd']
+         + (['build-essential', 'pkg-config', 'python3-dev', 'libdbus-1-dev', 'libglib2.0-dev', 'libsystemd-dev']
+            if ansible_facts.distribution_major_version | int < 13 else []) }}
+    cache_valid_time: 7200
+    state: present
 - name: Install sysdweb
   ansible.builtin.pip:
     name: sysdweb

scripts/create-raspian-image/create-raspian-image.sh

@@ -2,10 +2,12 @@
 
 set -e  # exit on error
 
-TARGET_FOLDER="./rpi_image"
+SCRIPT_DIR=$(dirname "$(readlink -f "$0")")
-IMG_FILE_BASENAME="2023-12-11-raspios-bookworm-armhf-lite"
+TARGET_FOLDER="$SCRIPT_DIR/rpi_image"
-#DOWNLOAD_URL="https://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspios_lite_armhf/images/raspios_lite_armhf-2021-11-08/${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.zip"
+#IMG_FILE_BASENAME="2023-12-11-raspios-bookworm-armhf-lite"
-DOWNLOAD_URL="https://downloads.raspberrypi.com/raspios_lite_armhf/images/raspios_lite_armhf-2023-12-11/${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img.xz"
+#DOWNLOAD_URL="https://downloads.raspberrypi.com/raspios_lite_armhf/images/raspios_lite_armhf-2023-12-11/${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img.xz"
+IMG_FILE_BASENAME="2026-09-15-raspios-trixie-arm64-lite"
+DOWNLOAD_URL="https://downloads.raspberrypi.com/raspios_lite_arm64/images/raspios_lite_arm64-2026-09-15/${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img.xz"
 
 echo "This script downloads raspian lite, and modifies the image to  enable SSH and set hostname"
 
@@ -14,15 +16,20 @@ if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
    exit 1
 fi
 
-echo -n Hostname of new pi
 read -p "Hostname of new pi [newrpi]: " RPI_HOSTNAME
+read -p "WIFI SSID (only used if a password is given) [WLAN]: " WIFI_SSID
 read -p "WIFI password (leave empty for non-wifi setup) [] " WIFI_PASSWORD
 RPI_HOSTNAME=${RPI_HOSTNAME:-newrpi}
+WIFI_SSID=${WIFI_SSID:-WLAN}
 
-SCRIPT_DIR=`pwd`
+mkdir -p "$TARGET_FOLDER"
-mkdir -p $TARGET_FOLDER
+cd "$TARGET_FOLDER"
-cd $TARGET_FOLDER
 
+if [ -e "${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img" ]; then
+   echo "${TARGET_FOLDER}/${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img already exists (already customised?)."
+   echo "Remove it first if you want to start over."
+   exit 1
+fi
 
 echo "Downloading image"
 wget ${DOWNLOAD_URL}
@@ -36,36 +43,74 @@ unxz ${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img.xz
 
 
 echo "Mounting image"
-mkdir mounted_image
+MOUNT_DIR=$(mktemp -d "$TARGET_FOLDER/mounted_image.XXXXXX")
-mkdir mounted_image/boot
+LOOP_DEV=""
-mkdir mounted_image/system
+cleanup() {
-losetup -P /dev/loop42 ${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img
+   set +e
-mount /dev/loop42p1 mounted_image/boot
+   umount "$MOUNT_DIR/boot" "$MOUNT_DIR/system" 2>/dev/null
-mount /dev/loop42p2 mounted_image/system
+   [ -n "$LOOP_DEV" ] && losetup -d "$LOOP_DEV"
+   rmdir "$MOUNT_DIR/boot" "$MOUNT_DIR/system" "$MOUNT_DIR" 2>/dev/null
+}
+trap cleanup EXIT
+
+mkdir "$MOUNT_DIR/boot" "$MOUNT_DIR/system"
+LOOP_DEV=$(losetup -f --show -P ${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img)
+mount ${LOOP_DEV}p1 "$MOUNT_DIR/boot"    # firmware partition, /boot/firmware on the Pi
+mount ${LOOP_DEV}p2 "$MOUNT_DIR/system"
 
 
 echo "Enabling SSH and writing hostname"
-echo $RPI_HOSTNAME > mounted_image/system/etc/hostname
+echo $RPI_HOSTNAME > "$MOUNT_DIR/system/etc/hostname"
-touch mounted_image/boot/ssh  # startup ssh
+touch "$MOUNT_DIR/boot/ssh"  # startup ssh
-sed -i "/^#PermitRootLogin/ cPermitRootLogin prohibit-password" mounted_image/system/etc/ssh/sshd_config
+sed -i "/^#PermitRootLogin/ cPermitRootLogin prohibit-password" "$MOUNT_DIR/system/etc/ssh/sshd_config"
-mkdir -p mounted_image/system/root/.ssh
+mkdir -p "$MOUNT_DIR/system/root/.ssh"
-cat $SCRIPT_DIR/*.pub > mounted_image/system/root/.ssh/authorized_keys
+cat $SCRIPT_DIR/*.pub > "$MOUNT_DIR/system/root/.ssh/authorized_keys"
-chmod 700 mounted_image/system/root/.ssh
+chmod 700 "$MOUNT_DIR/system/root/.ssh"
-chmod 600 mounted_image/system/root/.ssh/authorized_keys
+chmod 600 "$MOUNT_DIR/system/root/.ssh/authorized_keys"
 
 
 if [ -z "$WIFI_PASSWORD" ]
 then
    echo "Skipping WIFI setup"
+elif [ -d "$MOUNT_DIR/system/etc/NetworkManager" ] && [ -e "$MOUNT_DIR/boot/user-data" ]
+then
+   # Trixie (and bookworm images from 2023-10 on, when they use NetworkManager) ignore
+   # wpa_supplicant.conf on the boot partition; give NetworkManager a connection profile.
+   echo "Setting up initial wifi config (NetworkManager)"
+   NM_DIR="$MOUNT_DIR/system/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections"
+   mkdir -p "$NM_DIR"
+   /bin/cat <<EOM >"$NM_DIR/wifi.nmconnection"
+[connection]
+id=wifi
+type=wifi
+autoconnect=true
+
+[wifi]
+mode=infrastructure
+ssid=${WIFI_SSID}
+
+[wifi-security]
+key-mgmt=wpa-psk
+psk=${WIFI_PASSWORD}
+
+[ipv4]
+method=auto
+
+[ipv6]
+method=auto
+EOM
+   chmod 600 "$NM_DIR/wifi.nmconnection"  # NetworkManager ignores profiles readable by others
+   # regulatory domain, so the 5GHz channels and the right power limits are usable at boot
+   sed -i '1 s/$/ cfg80211.ieee80211_regdom=DE/' "$MOUNT_DIR/boot/cmdline.txt"
 else
-   echo "Setting up initial wifi config"
+   echo "Setting up initial wifi config (wpa_supplicant)"
-   /bin/cat <<EOM >mounted_image/boot/wpa_supplicant.conf
+   /bin/cat <<EOM >"$MOUNT_DIR/boot/wpa_supplicant.conf"
 country=DE
 ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
 update_config=1
 
 network={
-   ssid="WLAN"
+   ssid="${WIFI_SSID}"
    psk="${WIFI_PASSWORD}"
 }
 EOM
@@ -75,12 +120,8 @@ fi
 
 echo "Unmounting image and other cleanup"
 sleep 3 # to prevent "device is busy"
-umount /dev/loop42p1
+cleanup
-umount /dev/loop42p2
+trap - EXIT
-losetup -d /dev/loop42
-rmdir mounted_image/boot
-rmdir mounted_image/system
-rmdir mounted_image
 rm ${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img.xz.sha256
 chmod a+rw ${IMG_FILE_BASENAME}.img .